1 Due to poor management, the explosion of gunpowder warehouses, some temporary large drug warehouses, gunpowder and detonators are kept together, and some even use bulbs to bake detonators and explosives in the library, which has repeatedly caused the explosion of gunpowders; 2 gunpowder poisoning accident, a mine in the northeast of the mine in the process of large blasting, because the calcium carbide lamp fell to the back of the heap to ignite the gunpowder, improper handling during the extinguishing process, causing the 3.5t explosives in the cavern to be completely burned, resulting in many people in the mine Poisoning casualties; 3 Due to the poor quality of the detonating material or the late explosion or early explosion caused by the delay of the gun, the mine deteriorated due to poor storage or the expired explosive materials were not destroyed in time, resulting in blasting, slow drying and fire in the blasting work. Blasting accidents such as broken drugs, slow-burning, and rapid burning; 4 improper treatment of residual eyes and blind cannons accounted for a large proportion of various types of blasting accidents, and such accidents often occur in foreign mines; 5 After entering the blasting working face or blasting process, the blasting process returns to the blasting working surface to see the tempering, causing a large number of blasting casualties; 6 Others such as blasting flying stones, lightning, static electricity, electricity and other electrical blasting accidents in open pit mines and self-explosion of sulphide ore. Strict implementation of blasting safety regulations, strengthening scientific research in blasting safety, seeking safe and efficient blasting of new materials, new methods, and improving the production process of blasting materials are important ways to prevent blasting accidents. In recent years, a series of progress has been made in research work on blasting safety. Anti-heteroelectric detonators, non-priming explosive millisecond electric detonators, low-energy detonating cords, ammonium pine wax explosives and other safe and efficient explosives have been successfully developed. It provides a good material basis for safe and efficient blasting operations. In particular, the successful development of the detonating tube detonation system has played a key role in reducing the blasting accidents caused by the use of a single ignition. The detonating tube detonation system is one of the non-electric detonation systems and consists of four parts: 1 The blasting element is composed of a detonating tube detonating detonator, and its function is to transmit the shock wave signal from the firing element to each detonating element. The detonating tube is a plastic tube with an outer diameter of 3 mm and an inner diameter of 1.4 mm, and the inner wall is coated with a thin layer of explosive of 16 to 20 mg/m, and the density is only 0.36 to 0.4 mg/cm2. It can't be blasted by itself, nor can it detonate explosives. It can only be detonated by the detonating tube to re-explode the explosive. The detonation speed of the detonating tube is 1600-2000 m/s. It has good waterproof performance and can stably blast under deep water of 20m. It can only burn without exploding in case of fire, and the explosion speed does not change at the temperature of 20~50°C. Shock, friction, and shooting do not explode. The structure of the detonating detonator is the same as that of the ordinary fire detonator. Its function is to transmit the shock wave of one detonating cord to more than two detonating tubes to act as a branch. 2 firing element Its role is to fire the detonating tube, there are fire detonator, electric detonator, fire cap, detonating cord series and strong electric ignition head. 3 detonation element Its role is to act as an explosive or detonating cord, with a detonator and a non-electrical millisecond detonator. 4 coupling element is used to connect the firing element, the blasting element and the detonating element, such as the coupling block, the bayonet plug or the blasting element, the insulating tape, the rubber band, the thin wire, etc., the function is to connect the various components to make the explosion Can continue. The biggest advantage of the detonating tube detonation system is that it can eliminate the unsafe factors of electric blasting, and is free from the interference of electric, static, lightning, radio frequency, high-voltage induction, which can minimize the risk of premature explosion. the main disadvantage is not conducting checks, gas can not be used there, where coal dust explosion. The sulphide ore pack has the possibility of self-explosion. The conditions for generating a self-explosion are: ①iron ore and the iron sulfate and iron sulfate is greater than 0.3%; 2 The content of pyrite in the ore is higher than 30%; 3 The moisture content in the ore is between 3 and 14%; 4 using ammonium nitrate-based explosives based on ammonium nitrate; 5 Explosives are in direct contact with the sulfide ore. Precautionary measures for self-explosion of sulphide ore packs: 1 When blasting in a sulfide ore deposit, it is first necessary to test whether the ore composition meets the self-explosion condition; 2 using non-nitramine explosives for blasting; 3 Separate the explosive from the ore. Such as the use of multi-layer kraft paper plus asphalt packaging explosives. Kraft paper plus fiberglass cloth for explosives and plastic wrap for explosives; 4 master the safe working time.
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The main causes of blasting accidents are as follows: